情景导入
小雨翻出爸爸的小学毕业照，惊讶地问："这就是你的学校？操场怎么是泥地的？"
爸爸感慨道："Twenty years ago, there was only a small building. There were no computers in the classroom. （二十年前只有一栋小楼，教室里没有电脑。）"
"Now look at your school——there is a big library, and there are computer rooms! （现在你的学校有大图书馆，还有电脑教室！）"
把"过去"和"现在"放在一起对比，一半用过去时、一半用现在时——这就是 Then and Now 的语法魔法。
核心词汇
变化对比类：
| 单词/短语 | 意思 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| before | 以前 | Before, I was short. |
| now | 现在 | Now I'm tall. |
| ...years ago | ……年前 | Five years ago, there was no subway here. |
| change | 变化 | Everything changes! |
| different | 不同的 | My school is different now. |
| still | 仍然 | She is still my best friend. |
校园与生活场所类：
| 单词/短语 | 意思 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| dining hall | 食堂 | There is a new dining hall. |
| grass | 草地 | There was no grass five years ago. |
| gym | 体育馆 | Our school has a gym now. |
| go cycling | 骑自行车运动 | I can go cycling now. |
| play badminton | 打羽毛球 | He plays badminton well now. |
句型与语法
核心句型一：There was / There were（过去有……）
| 过去（Then） | 现在（Now） |
|---|---|
| There was a small house. | There is a tall building. |
| There were no computers. | There are forty computers. |
核心句型二：用 be 的过去式说"以前的自己"
- Before, I was short and quiet. Now I am tall and active. （以前我又矮又安静，现在又高又活泼。）
- She was afraid of the dark. Now she isn't. （她以前怕黑，现在不怕了。）
核心句型三：couldn't → can（以前不会，现在会了）
- I couldn't swim before. Now I can swim very well. （以前不会游泳，现在游得很好。）
- He couldn't ride a bike. Now he can go cycling with friends.
一句话口诀：说"以前"动词穿旧衣（was / were / couldn't / 过去式），说"现在"动词换新装（is / are / can / 现在时）。
听说训练
成长变化对话（和同伴聊聊自己的变化）：
- A: What could you do five years ago? （五年前你会什么？）
- B: I could draw, but I couldn't swim. （我会画画，但不会游泳。）
- A: What about now? （现在呢？）
- B: Now I can swim and play badminton! People change! （现在我会游泳还会打羽毛球。人都会变嘛！）
学校今昔三连说：Before, there was no gym in our school. There were only ten classrooms. Now there is a big playground and there are thirty classrooms!
辨析对比
- there was/were 说过去的存在，there is/are 说现在的存在——判断依据是时间词：...years ago / before → 过去；now → 现在；
- 单复数也要同时判断：There was a tree.（单数）/ There were many trees.(复数)；
- could 是 can 的过去式：couldn't swim（以前不会）→ can swim（现在会）；
- 提醒：still（仍然）表示"没变"——My grandma is still young at heart.（奶奶心态依然年轻。）
文化角
英语里把"怀旧"叫 nostalgia，人们爱说 in the good old days（在过去的好时光里）。英语国家的学校常让学生做 Then and Now 项目：找一张祖父母年轻时的照片，采访他们的童年，再对比自己的生活写一篇短文。
你也可以采访爷爷奶奶：他们小时候的杭州，可没有地铁和智能手机，西湖边的马路上跑的还是自行车呢——These changes are amazing!
易错点
- 时间词与时态不匹配：There is no library ten years ago. ❌ → There was no library ten years ago. ✅
- there were 配了单数：There were a tree. ❌ → There was a tree. ✅（was 配单数，were 配复数）
- couldn't 后加过去式：I couldn't swam. ❌ → I couldn't swim. ✅（could/couldn't 后接动词原形）
- 前后半句时态"串门"：Before, I am short. ❌ → Before, I was short. ✅（before 领队的半句必须用过去时）
考点
- there was/were 与 there is/are 的时态选择（单选必考，看时间词做题）；
- was/were、is/are 与主语单复数的双重判断（高频陷阱）；
- could/couldn't + 动词原形（"以前会不会"句型）；
- Then and Now 对比短文的阅读理解（判断"过去"还是"现在"的细节题）；
- 书面表达：My School Then and Now / My Changes（写话高频题，前半用过去时、后半用现在时）。
诵读 Read Aloud
Part 1 · 我的学校今昔
My school is very different now. Ten years ago, there was only one small building. There was no dining hall. There were no computers. Now there are three tall buildings and a big playground. There is a new library too. I love my school!
Part 2 · 我的变化
I have changed a lot. Before, I was short and shy. I couldn't ride a bike. I was afraid of dogs. Now I'm tall and active. I can go cycling with my friends. I have a lovely dog at home! People change as they grow.
Part 3 · 今昔快读
Then there was one, now there are many. Then I couldn't swim, now I swim well. Then I was small, now I am tall. Everything changes, changes for all!
诵读小贴士：Part 1 和 Part 2 合起来就是小升初写话 My Changes 的完整素材；读的时候前半句（过去）放低放慢、后半句（现在）提高加快，用声音演出"变化"。