情景导入
周末，小雨在西湖断桥边玩，一位外国游客拿着地图走过来："Excuse me, where is the museum?"
小雨愣了一下，然后指着前方说："Go straight, and turn left. It's next to the lake."（直走，然后左转，就在湖边。）
游客开心地说："Thank you so much!"
问路和指路，是英语中最实用的生活技能之一。这一课我们就来学：怎么问"……在哪里"，怎么回答"直走、左转、右转"。
核心词汇
地点场所类：
| 单词/短语 | 意思 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| science museum | 科学博物馆 | Where is the science museum? |
| post office | 邮局 | The post office is near the school. |
| bookstore | 书店 | I want to go to the bookstore. |
| cinema | 电影院 | The cinema is next to the park. |
| hospital | 医院 | Is there a hospital near here? |
| restaurant | 餐馆 | The restaurant is behind the bank. |
方位与指路类：
| 单词/短语 | 意思 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| next to | 紧挨着 | It's next to the bookstore. |
| near | 在……附近 | It's near the door. |
| behind | 在……后面 | It's behind the hospital. |
| in front of | 在……前面 | The bus stop is in front of the school. |
| turn left / turn right | 左转 / 右转 | Turn left at the cinema. |
| go straight | 直走 | Go straight for three minutes. |
| crossing | 十字路口 | Turn right at the crossing. |
句型与语法
第一件套：问"在哪里"——Where is...?
- Where is the cinema? （电影院在哪里？）
- Where is the post office? （邮局在哪里？）
- 回答用方位介词：It's next to the bookstore. / It's near the park. / It's behind the hospital.
第二件套：礼貌开场——Excuse me
问陌生人之前，一定先说 Excuse me（打扰一下），这是英语问路的"敲门砖"：
- Excuse me, where is the science museum? （打扰一下，科学博物馆在哪里？）
第三件套：指路三句话——祈使句
指路时用祈使句（动词开头，不用主语）：
| 句子 | 意思 |
|---|---|
| Go straight. | 直走。 |
| Turn left at the bookstore. | 在书店处左转。 |
| Turn right at the crossing. | 在十字路口右转。 |
加分句型：How can I get to the park? （我怎么去公园？）——比 Where is 更进一步，问的是"怎么走"。
听说训练
问路对话（找同伴一人问、一人答）：
- A: Excuse me, where is the cinema? （打扰一下，电影院在哪里？）
- B: It's next to the bookstore. （在书店旁边。）
- A: How can I get there? （我怎么去那里？）
- B: Turn left at the school. Then go straight. （在学校处左转，然后直走。）
- A: Thank you! （谢谢！）
- B: You're welcome. （不客气。）
方位快答：看着自己房间说三句——My bed is next to the window. My desk is in front of the bed. My schoolbag is behind the door.
辨析对比
- next to：紧挨着，中间没有别的东西——书店和电影院贴着墙；
- near：在附近，隔了一点距离——学校在公园附近，走几分钟能到；
- behind：在后面——餐馆藏在银行的正后方，从前面看不到；
- 还要分清 turn left（自己转弯）和 on the left（东西在左边）：Turn left. 是"你左转"；The shop is on the left. 是"商店在左手边"。
文化角
在英语国家问路，人们习惯用**地标（landmark）**指路："Turn left at the church."（在教堂那里左转。）而不是说"向西走 300 米"。
另外，英国人指路爱说 Take the first left（第一个路口左转），美国人常说 block（街区）："It's two blocks away."（隔两个街区。）听到这些说法不要慌，都是"照着路口数"的意思。
易错点
- 忘说 Excuse me 直接问路：Where is the cinema? 突然发问很不礼貌 → 先说 Excuse me, where is the cinema? ✅
- next 后面丢 to：It's next the bookstore. ❌ → It's next to the bookstore. ✅
- in front of 与 in the front of 混淆：in front of 是"在（外部的）前面"；教材阶段记住指路用 in front of 就够了。
- turn 后加 to：Turn to left. ❌ → Turn left. ✅（turn left / turn right 直接连用，不加 to）
考点
- Where is...? 问句与方位介词回答（next to / near / behind / in front of）——单选、情景对话必考；
- 指路祈使句排序题：给出打乱的指路句子按地图排顺序（高频题型）；
- Excuse me / Thank you / You're welcome 礼貌用语的使用场合；
- turn left / turn right / go straight 三个短语的听力辨析（听音画路线）。
诵读 Read Aloud
Part 1 · 问路对话
Excuse me, where is the science museum? It's near the post office. How can I get there? Turn left at the bookstore. Then go straight. You can see it next to the park. Thank you very much! You're welcome.
Part 2 · 我的社区（介绍方位）
Welcome to my neighbourhood! There is a park near my home. The bookstore is next to the park. The cinema is behind the bookstore. My school is in front of the post office. I love my neighbourhood!
Part 3 · 指路口诀快读
Go straight, go straight, don't stop. Turn left at the bus stop. Turn right at the crossing. The museum is next to the shop!
诵读小贴士：读 Part 1 时想象自己站在西湖边给外国游客指路，一句问一句答，读出真实对话的语气；Part 3 越读越快，把 turn left / turn right / go straight 练成条件反射。