情景导入
周末,小舟和爷爷去龙翔桥逛街。爷爷突然发现忘带钱包,急得直跺脚,小舟却掏出手机笑了:"爷爷,扫一下就行。"从早餐店到地铁站,一部手机走遍杭州。
回家后老师布置的作文题恰好是 A Great Invention。小舟灵机一动:就写移动支付!可怎么把"扫码"讲给外国读者听?先介绍什么,后介绍什么?
介绍发明有一套固定的"说明四步法":是什么 → 谁在何时发明 → 有什么用途 → 如何改变生活。按这四步走,任何发明都能写得清清楚楚。
核心词汇
发明话题高频词:
| 分类 | 词汇与短语 |
|---|---|
| 经典发明 | paper-making(造纸术)、the compass(指南针)、printing(印刷术)、the telephone(电话) |
| 现代发明 | mobile payment(移动支付)、shared bikes(共享单车)、the Internet(互联网)、AI(人工智能) |
| 说明用语 | be invented by(由……发明)、be used for doing(被用来做……)、be widely used(被广泛使用) |
| 影响表达 | make life easier(让生活更便利)、change the way we live(改变我们的生活方式)、save time(节省时间) |
句型与结构
结构骨架(四步三段):
- 开头段:是什么 + 总评价——Mobile payment is one of the greatest inventions in modern China.
- 主体段:第二步"谁在何时发明/出现"(用被动:was invented / appeared)+ 第三步"用途"(be used for)+ 举一个生活实例。
- 结尾段:第四步"改变生活"——It has completely changed the way we live.
本讲核心句型:
- be used for doing 表用途:Mobile payment is used for paying for almost everything.(移动支付几乎可以用来支付一切。)
- so... that... 表程度:It is so convenient that people hardly carry wallets now.(它太方便了,人们现在几乎不带钱包。)
- 现在完成时表影响:It has made our life much easier.(它让我们的生活方便多了。)
加分技巧:举一个"生活切片"——With just a phone, my grandpa can buy breakfast, take the subway and even pay for vegetables in the market.(只带一部手机,爷爷就能买早餐、坐地铁,甚至在菜场买菜。)
提分句型升级:People use it everywhere. → It is widely used in shops, buses and hospitals.(被动 + 列举,说明文标准句式)
听说训练
写前口头操练(先说顺再下笔):
- Mobile payment is one of the greatest inventions in modern China. (移动支付是现代中国最伟大的发明之一。)
- It is used for paying for almost everything. (它几乎可以用来支付一切。)
- It is so convenient that people hardly carry wallets now. (它方便到人们几乎不带钱包了。)
辨析对比
| 记叙文写法 | 说明文写法 | |
|---|---|---|
| 视角 | 我上周用手机买了奶茶 | Mobile payment is widely used in daily life. |
| 时态 | 一般过去时为主 | 一般现在时 + 被动语态为主 |
| 目的 | 讲一件事的经过 | 讲清一样东西的特点和用途 |
注意:介绍发明是说明文,主体要用一般现在时客观陈述;个人经历只能作为"生活切片"点缀一两句,不能整篇讲故事。
文化角
英语里有句谚语:Necessity is the mother of invention.(需要是发明之母。)中国古代四大发明(the Four Great Inventions)——造纸术、印刷术、指南针、火药——曾深刻改变世界;而今天被外国青年评选出的"新四大发明"里,高铁、移动支付、共享单车、网购全部与生活便利有关。杭州正是移动支付普及最早的城市之一,连西湖边的糖炒栗子摊都挂着收款码——这就是你作文里最鲜活的本地素材。
易错点
- invent / discover 不分:电话是"发明"(invent),电是"发现"(discover)——Tea was discovered by accident, while paper was invented by Cai Lun.
- be used for 后接原形:is used for pay ❌ → is used for paying ✅(for 是介词接 doing);也可写 is used to pay(不定式),两种别杂交成 for to pay。
- 通篇没有被动:介绍发明必须有"was invented / is used / is widely used"这类被动句,全主动会显得口语化、不像说明文。
中考真题
你校英语报开展"A Great Invention"征文活动,请写一篇短文介绍一项你认为伟大的发明,内容包括:
- 这项发明是什么;
- 它的主要用途(举例说明);
- 它给人们生活带来的改变。
要求:80~100 词,题目已给出,不计入总词数。
✏️ 点击查看范文与点评
A Great Invention
In my opinion, mobile payment is one of the greatest inventions in modern China.
It appeared about ten years ago and is now widely used in shops, buses and even small markets. It is mainly used for paying quickly and safely. With just a phone, my grandpa can buy breakfast, take the subway and pay for vegetables in Hangzhou. It is so convenient that people hardly carry wallets now.
Mobile payment has completely changed the way we live. It saves us a lot of time and makes life much easier. I believe more amazing inventions will be created in the future.
点评:① "是什么—用途—改变"四步齐全,条理清晰;② 亮点句型:is widely used 被动、so...that 结果状语从句、现在完成时;③ "爷爷逛杭州"的生活切片让说明文有了温度;④ 结尾用将来时展望,自然收束。
考点
- "发明与科技改变生活"是九年级上 Unit 6 的核心话题,常与被动语态、现在完成时捆绑考查,中考多以征文、演讲稿形式命题;
- 评分关键:说明顺序是否清晰(是什么—用途—影响)、说明文时态语态是否得当、有无具体实例支撑;
- 备考策略:精备一个现代发明(移动支付或共享单车)+ 一个古代发明(造纸术),"一今一古"两套素材足以应对所有发明类题目。
诵读 Read Aloud
A Great Invention
In my opinion, mobile payment is one of the greatest inventions in modern China.
It appeared about ten years ago and is now widely used in shops, buses and even small markets. It is mainly used for paying quickly and safely. With just a phone, my grandpa can buy breakfast, take the subway and pay for vegetables in Hangzhou. It is so convenient that people hardly carry wallets now.
Mobile payment has completely changed the way we live. It saves us a lot of time and makes life much easier. I believe more amazing inventions will be created in the future.
点评:把"用途句"和"影响句"读到脱口而出,它们是所有发明类作文的通用零件。
诵读小贴士:背诵时按"四步"打节拍——是什么(one of the greatest inventions)、何时出现(appeared about ten years ago)、有什么用(is used for paying)、改变生活(has changed the way we live)。四个节拍记牢,把主语换成 shared bikes 或 the Internet,新作文三分钟成稿。