情景导入
周末你带外地表妹逛西湖，出了龙翔桥地铁站，两人都迷了路。你走向一位工作人员，会怎么开口？第一种：Where is the West Lake?——语法没错，但生硬得像在下命令。第二种：Excuse me, could you please tell me how I can get to the West Lake?——同样的问题，加上 Excuse me 和 Could you please tell me，立刻礼貌了许多。
本单元的核心就是这条"礼貌公式"：客气的开头 + 宾语从句。它不仅用于问路，也用于问时间、问价格、问怎么办——是中考听力和口语的高频场景。
核心词汇
问路与指路核心词汇：
| 单词/短语 | 意思 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| restroom | n. 洗手间 | Could you tell me where the restrooms are? |
| get to / arrive at | 到达 | How can I get to the museum? |
| go past | 路过，经过 | Go past the bank and turn left. |
| turn left / right | 向左 / 右转 | Turn right at the second crossing. |
| on your left | 在你左边 | The bookstore is on your left. |
| pardon | int. 请再说一遍 | Pardon? Could you say that again? |
| polite / impolite | adj. 礼貌的 / 不礼貌的 | It is polite to say thank you. |
句型与语法
① 三档礼貌开头（越往下越客气）
- Where is the bank?（直接问，只适合熟人之间）→ Can/Could you tell me where the bank is?（较客气，could 比 can 更委婉）
- Could you please tell me where the bank is? / I wonder if you could tell me where the bank is.（最客气）
② 关键规则：委婉句里的问句要变成陈述语序（这就是宾语从句，也叫间接疑问句）
- Where are the restrooms? → Could you tell me where the restrooms are?；How can I get there? → Do you know how I can get there?
- 一般疑问句变间接问句要加 if / whether：Is there a bank near here? → Could you tell me if there is a bank near here?
③ 全句标点看主句：主句是 Could you...? 时整句用问号；主句是 I wonder / I don't know 时整句用句号——I wonder where the bus stop is。④ 指路常用句：Go along this street. / Take the No. 7 bus and get off at the third stop. / It's about ten minutes' walk.
听说训练
街头问路情景对话（两人一组，交换角色）：
- A: Excuse me, could you please tell me how I can get to Hefang Street? — B: Sure. Take Metro Line 1 and get off at Ding'an Road. It's about five minutes' walk. / A: Thanks a lot! Do you know if there is a restroom near here? — B: Yes, go past the coffee shop, and you'll find one on your right.
跟读要点：Excuse me 与 Could you 之间略停顿；句尾语调上扬才显得客气，restroom 重音在前 /ˈrestruːm/。
辨析对比
① Could you tell me...? vs Where is...?
| 句式 | 语气 | 从句语序 |
|---|---|---|
| Where is the museum? | 直接 | 疑问语序 |
| Could you tell me where the museum is? | 委婉 | 陈述语序 |
② arrive / reach / get to（到达）：arrive in + 大地点（arrive in Hangzhou）、arrive at + 小地点（arrive at the station）、reach 后直接跟地点（reach the airport）、get to + 地点（get to school）；③ take + 交通工具 vs by + 交通工具：I take the subway to school. = I go to school by subway.（by 后面用单数名词且不加冠词。）
文化角
英语文化里，"客气"往往体现在句子的长度上：句子越长、越绕，语气越委婉。所以本地人问路会说 I was wondering if you could help me...，而不是一句 Tell me。帮不上忙时他们说 Sorry, I'm not sure. You'd better ask the man over there.，而不是冷冷地 I don't know。在杭州，地铁站、景区的志愿者亭都有英文指示牌；带外国朋友游西湖时，一句 Let me show you the way. 比手指一挥更能体现待客之道。
易错点
- 从句仍用疑问语序：Could you tell me where is the bank? ❌ → where the bank is ✅
- 主句标点错：I wonder where the station is? ❌ → 句尾用句号 ✅
- 一般疑问句变从句漏 if：Do you know there is a hotel near here? ❌ → know if there is... ✅
- arrive 与 reach 混用：We arrived the museum. ❌ → arrived at the museum / reached the museum ✅；I go there by a bus. ❌ → by bus / take a bus ✅
中考真题
— Excuse me, could you tell me ______?
— Certainly. Take Metro Line 1, and you'll see it right in front of the exit.
A. how can I get to the West Lake B. where is the West Lake C. how I can get to the West Lake D. that how I get to the West Lake
✏️ 点击查看解答
答案：C
解析：could you tell me 后面是宾语从句，必须用陈述语序，即"疑问词 + 主语 + 谓语"，因此 how I can get to... 正确，A、B 都保留了疑问语序，直接排除；D 项 that 与疑问词 how 同时出现，连接词重复，不成立。做这类题只需两步：先找连接词，再把主语提到谓语之前。
考点
- 委婉问句是中考听力对话、情景交际和单选的常客，考查核心永远是宾语从句的语序；
- 记住三档句式：Could you tell me... / Do you know... / I wonder if...，其中 I wonder 开头的句子用句号；
- 口语与写作场景题（问路、购物、求助）用 Excuse me 开头、Thanks a lot 收尾，得体分稳稳到手。
诵读 Read Aloud
A: Excuse me, could you please tell me how I can get to the West Lake?
B: Sure. Go along this street and turn left at the second crossing. You'll see the lake in about five minutes.
A: Thank you. Do you know if there is a place where I can buy a map?
B: Yes. There is a small shop next to the bank. By the way, I wonder whether you have visited Hefang Street. It's a famous old street near here.
A: Not yet. Could you tell me which bus goes there?
B: Take the No. 7 bus and get off at the third stop. If you get lost, just ask the volunteers in the blue tents. People here are always glad to help. — A: You are so kind. Thanks a lot!
诵读小贴士：分角色朗读两遍，第二遍把每个宾语从句都读慢一点，感受"疑问词 + 主语 + 谓语"的顺序。背下这段对话，问路话题的听力和口语题基本通吃。