情景导入
去年夏天台风过境杭州，晚上八点狂风暴雨。第二天到校，大家七嘴八舌地回忆：
I was doing my homework when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows.（雨点开始猛砸窗户时，我正在写作业。）While my mom was cooking, the lights suddenly went out.（我妈正做饭时，突然停电了。）
发现了吗？描述"过去某一刻正在进行"的动作，要用 was/were + doing——这就是过去进行时。它像一台摄像机，把过去那个瞬间的"进行中画面"拍了下来。
核心词汇
天气与事件高频词汇：
| 单词/短语 | 意思 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| rainstorm | 暴风雨 | The rainstorm hit the city last night. |
| suddenly | 突然 | Suddenly, the wind picked up. |
| pick up | 接（电话）；捡起 | I picked up the phone but heard nothing. |
| fall asleep | 入睡 | He fell asleep while he was reading. |
| die down | 逐渐减弱 | The wind was dying down at midnight. |
| make sure | 确保 | Make sure the windows are closed. |
| in a mess | 一团糟 | After the storm, the streets were in a mess. |
时间信号词：at 8:00 last night（昨晚八点）、at that time / at that moment（在那时）、when / while（当……时候）
句型与语法
① 基本结构
- I / He / She / It + was doing；You / We / They + were doing
- 否定：wasn't / weren't + doing → I wasn't sleeping at ten.
- 疑问：What were you doing at 9 p.m. yesterday? — I was taking a shower.
② 核心用法：过去某一时刻正在进行的动作
- At eight o'clock last night, I was watching the news about the rainstorm.（一般过去时讲"发生了什么"，过去进行时讲"当时正在干什么"——一个是照片，一个是录像。）
③ when 与 while 的黄金搭配（必考）
- when + 短动作（一般过去时）：I was walking home when it began to rain.（短动作打断长动作）
- while + 长动作（过去进行时）：While I was walking home, it began to rain.
- 两个长动作同时进行，用 while 连接两个过去进行时：While mom was cooking, dad was reading.
口诀：when 后接"一瞬间"，while 后接"一段线"。
听说训练
"暴雨之夜"采访操练（用过去进行时互相提问）：
- A: What were you doing when the rainstorm came? — B: I was doing my homework in my bedroom.
- A: Were you scared? — B: No, I wasn't. But my little sister was crying.
跟读要点：was 弱读成 /wəz/，were 弱读成 /wə/；-ing 结尾读 /ɪŋ/，别加出 /g/ 音。
辨析对比
| 过去进行时 | 一般过去时 | |
|---|---|---|
| 视角 | 动作正在进行（录像） | 动作已经发生（照片） |
| 结构 | was/were + doing | 动词过去式 |
| 时间标志 | at 9:00 last night, at that time, while | yesterday, last week, in 2023 |
| 例句 | I was reading at nine. | I read a book yesterday. |
综合例句：When the phone rang（短，过去时）, she was washing the dishes（长，过去进行时）. 另注意：状态动词（know, like, want）一般不用进行时：I knew the answer. ✅ / I was knowing... ❌
文化角
英语新闻报道灾害天气时大量使用过去进行时来还原现场：People were waiting at the airport when the storm hit.（暴风雨来袭时人们正在机场等候。）课本里还提到美国人常说的一句话——很多人都记得肯尼迪遇刺或 9·11 事件发生时"自己正在做什么"，这种"历史时刻记忆"正是过去进行时最经典的使用场景。
易错点
- be 动词选错：They was playing soccer. ❌ → They were playing soccer. ✅
- 漏掉 be 动词：I doing homework at 8:00. ❌ → I was doing homework at 8:00. ✅
- when/while 用反：While the phone rang, I was sleeping. ❌ → When the phone rang, I was sleeping. ✅（rang 是短动作，用 when）
- -ing 拼写错误：swim → swimming（双写 m），write → writing（去 e），die → dying（ie 变 y）。
中考真题
— I called you at half past seven yesterday evening, but nobody answered.
— Oh, sorry. I ______ a walk with my parents along the Grand Canal at that time.
A. take B. took C. was taking D. am taking
✏️ 点击查看解答
答案：C
解析：题眼有两个：一是 at half past seven yesterday evening（昨晚七点半，过去具体时刻），二是答语中的 at that time（在那时）。"你打电话时我正在和父母沿运河散步"，表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，用过去进行时 was taking。A 是一般现在时、B 是一般过去时（不强调"正在"）、D 是现在进行时，都不如 C 贴合语境。
考点
- 八下语法重头戏：单选、语法填空每年必考"过去时刻 + 正在进行"的判断；
- when/while 辨析是第一命题热点：when 接瞬间动作，while 接延续动作；
- 书面表达"记一次难忘的经历"中，用一句 While I was..., ... suddenly... 能让叙事立刻生动起来。
诵读 Read Aloud
Last Tuesday evening, a heavy rainstorm hit Hangzhou. At seven o'clock, I was doing my homework in my room while my mother was cooking dinner. Suddenly, the wind began to blow strongly and the rain beat heavily against the windows. When the lights went out, my father was looking for the flashlight. We sat together in the dark living room, listening to the storm outside. While we were waiting, my mother told us stories about her childhood. The wind was dying down when I fell asleep. The next morning, the sun was shining brightly, but the streets were in a mess. Neighbors helped each other clean up the fallen branches.
诵读小贴士：边读边圈出所有 was/were doing，标出与它搭配的 when/while——这段短文就是"难忘一夜"类中考作文的现成模板。