情景导入
周六早上，你和同学戴上红马甲来到西湖边捡垃圾、给游客指路。一位外国游客竖起大拇指问你们在做什么，你自豪地回答：
We're volunteers. We often help to clean up the West Lake area.（我们是志愿者，经常帮忙清扫西湖景区。）
游客又问为什么，你说：Volunteering makes me feel good. I'd like to help people in need.（做志愿者让我感觉很好，我愿意帮助有需要的人。）本单元的核心就是：用动词短语说清"做了什么"，用动词不定式说清"想做什么、为什么做"。
核心词汇
志愿服务高频动词短语（中考最爱考的一批）：
| 短语 | 意思 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| clean up | 打扫干净 | Let's clean up the city parks this weekend. |
| cheer up | 使振奋、变高兴 | We sang songs to cheer up the sick kids. |
| give out | 分发 | The volunteers gave out food to the old people. |
| give away | 赠送、捐赠 | I gave away my old books to the village school. |
| set up | 建立、设立 | They set up a food bank to help hungry people. |
| call up | 打电话给 | You could call up the old people's home first. |
| fix up | 修理、修补 | Uncle Wang fixed up the old bikes and gave them away. |
| put up | 张贴 | We put up some signs asking for old books. |
其他重点词：volunteer（志愿者/自愿做）、raise money（筹钱）、make a difference（产生影响）、in need（有需要的）
句型与语法
① 动词不定式（to + 动词原形）的三个常考位置
- 动词后接不定式：I'd like to help homeless people. / He decided to visit the old people's home.
- volunteer / offer / hope / plan / agree 等动词后必须接 to do：She volunteered to teach kids drawing.
- 不定式表目的：We went to the park to clean it up.（为了打扫而去公园。）
② help 的特殊用法：help sb. (to) do sth. 中 to 可省略：He often helps me (to) study English.
③ 动词短语中代词的位置（重点！）
"动词 + 副词"结构（clean up / give away / cheer up 等）：名词放中间或后面都行，clean up the park = clean the park up ✅；代词只能放中间：cheer him up ✅ / cheer up him ❌
口诀：名词随便放，代词夹中间。
听说训练
志愿活动计划对话（三人一组讨论）：
- A: I'd like to work outside. What could I do? — B: You could help to clean up the Qiantang River banks.
- A: What can we do to help the animal shelter? — C: We could put up signs and give out notices at school.
跟读要点：volunteer 重音在最后一个音节 /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə/；短语动词要连读，如 clean up 读成"克利那普"。
辨析对比
① give out / give away / hand in
| 短语 | 意思 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| give out | 分发（发出去给大家） | The teacher gave out the test papers. |
| give away | 赠送（白送、不要了） | He gave away his coat to a poor man. |
| hand in | 上交 | Please hand in your homework on time. |
② 不定式 to do vs 动名词 doing
- decide / hope / plan / volunteer / offer + to do：We plan to visit the nursing home.
- enjoy / finish / practice / mind + doing：I enjoy working with kids.
文化角
在英美国家，中学生普遍参加 community service（社区服务），很多学校甚至把志愿时长作为毕业要求。美国有 Giving Tuesday（感恩星期二）捐赠日。而在杭州，2023 年亚运会的"小青荷"志愿者超过 3 万名——"小青荷"取自"接天莲叶无穷碧"，也是 Cheer（加油）的谐音。
易错点
- 代词放错位置：cheer up her ❌ → cheer her up ✅（动副短语中代词必须夹中间）
- volunteer 后接 doing：He volunteered helping us. ❌ → He volunteered to help us. ✅
- put off 后接 to do：put off to make a plan ❌ → put off making a plan ✅（off 是介词性副词，接 doing）
- raise / rise 混淆：筹钱是 raise money（及物），rise 是"升起"（不及物），不能带宾语。
中考真题
My grandma felt lonely after moving to the new house, so I often tell her funny stories to ______.
A. cheer up her B. cheer her up C. give up her D. give her up
✏️ 点击查看解答
答案：B
解析：句意是"奶奶搬新家后感到孤独，所以我常给她讲笑话让她开心起来"。表示"使某人振奋"用 cheer up，先排除 C、D（give up 是"放弃"，语义不通）；cheer up 是"动词 + 副词"结构，宾语是代词 her 时必须放在中间：cheer her up，所以选 B。
考点
- 动词短语辨析是完形填空和单选的绝对高频点：give out / give away / put up / set up 每年轮流出现；
- "动副短语 + 代词居中"规则常设陷阱选项，看到 up/out/away 就要检查宾语位置；
- 书面表达常考"志愿活动倡议书/活动报道"，背熟 clean up、raise money、make a difference 等短语可直接套用。
诵读 Read Aloud
Last month, our class set up a volunteer group called "Little Green Lotus". Every Saturday morning, we go to the West Lake to clean up the area and give out maps to visitors. Two weeks ago, we visited an old people's home near our school. We sang songs and told stories to cheer the old people up. Some of us also fixed up their old radios. Before we left, we gave away the books that we had collected at school. Volunteering takes time, but it makes a big difference to others and brings us happiness. I hope more students will offer to join us.
诵读小贴士：圈出短文中所有动词短语（set up、clean up、give out、cheer...up、fix up、give away），注意 "cheer the old people up" 中宾语的位置——这段就是一篇现成的中考满分小作文。