情景导入
体育课上跑 800 米，同桌小林突然蹲下捂着脚喊疼。老师赶过来第一句话就是——What's the matter?（怎么了？）
小林指着脚踝说：I hurt myself. My ankle hurts.（我伤到自己了，脚踝疼。）老师说：You should put some ice on it.（你应该冰敷。）
这就是本单元的三件套：问病情（What's the matter?）→ 说症状（I have a...）→ 给建议（You should...）。学会它们，去医院、帮同学都不慌。
核心词汇
身体不适与急救高频词：
| 单词/短语 | 意思 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| have a cold | 感冒 | I have a cold and a sore throat. |
| have a stomachache | 胃疼/肚子疼 | He has a stomachache. He ate too much. |
| have a fever | 发烧 | She has a fever. She should see a doctor. |
| hurt | 使受伤；疼 | I hurt my back playing basketball. |
| lie down and rest | 躺下休息 | You should lie down and rest. |
| take one's temperature | 量体温 | The nurse took my temperature. |
| get an X-ray | 拍 X 光片 | You should go to the hospital and get an X-ray. |
身体部位：head（头）、throat（喉咙）、stomach（胃）、tooth（牙，复数 teeth）、ankle（脚踝）、knee（膝盖）、back（背）
句型与语法
① 问病情与答症状
- What's the matter (with you)? = What's wrong? = What's the trouble?
- 回答用 have a + 病症：I have a headache. / She has a cold.（注意三单用 has）
② 用 should / shouldn't 给建议
- You should drink some hot tea with honey.（你应该喝点蜂蜜热茶。）
- You shouldn't eat so much junk food.（你不应该吃这么多垃圾食品。）
- should 是情态动词，后面必须接动词原形，没有三单变化。
③ 反身代词（Reflexive Pronouns）
单数：myself / yourself / himself / herself / itself；复数：ourselves / yourselves / themselves
常考搭配：hurt oneself（伤到自己）、enjoy oneself（玩得开心）、by oneself（独自）、teach oneself（自学）。例：Be careful, or you'll hurt yourself.
听说训练
看病对话操练（同桌一人当医生、一人当病人）：
- A: What's the matter with you? — B: I have a sore throat and a cough.
- A: You should drink more water and take some medicine. — B: Thank you, doctor.
跟读要点：matter 的双 t 读成轻快的闪音；sore throat 里 th 要咬舌尖，别读成 /s/。
辨析对比
① hurt / ache / sore
| 词 | 词性与用法 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| hurt | 动词，"弄伤；疼" | My leg hurts. / I hurt my leg. |
| ache | 常构成复合名词 | headache, toothache, stomachache |
| sore | 形容词，放名词前 | a sore throat, a sore back |
② see a doctor / see the doctor
- see a doctor：泛指"去看病"，最常用：You should see a doctor.（已确定某位医生时才用 the）
文化角
在英美国家拨打急救电话，美国是 911，英国是 999，而中国是 120。西方学校普遍开设 first aid（急救）课程，学生要学会 CPR（心肺复苏）。杭州很多地铁站也配备了 AED（自动体外除颤器）——学好本单元，你也能看懂上面的英文说明。
易错点
- should 后接三单：He should sees a doctor. ❌ → He should see a doctor. ✅
- 反身代词错形：hisself、theirselves 都是错的 ❌ → himself、themselves ✅
- too much / too many：drink too much water（不可数用 much）；eat too many candies（可数复数用 many）。
- 问病情漏 with：What's the matter you? ❌ → What's the matter with you? ✅
中考真题
— Mom, I have a toothache. What should I do?
— You ______ see a dentist and you ______ eat too much sugar from now on.
A. should; should B. shouldn't; should C. should; shouldn't D. shouldn't; shouldn't
✏️ 点击查看解答
答案：C
解析：牙疼当然应该去看牙医，第一空用 should；"从今往后不应该吃太多糖"，第二空用 shouldn't。情景交际题先翻译情景再选：建议做的事用 should，劝阻的事用 shouldn't。
考点
- 听力必考场景："看病问诊"对话，抓住病症词（fever、cough、stomachache）就能锁定答案；
- 单选高频：should + 动词原形、反身代词固定搭配（enjoy oneself / by oneself）；
- 书面表达常考"给朋友写健康建议的邮件"，套用 You should... / You'd better... 句型即可拿分。
诵读 Read Aloud
Last Friday afternoon, we had a P.E. class on the playground. While we were running, Li Hua fell down and hurt his ankle. "What's the matter?" our teacher asked. "My ankle hurts badly," Li Hua said. The teacher told him not to move, and put some ice on his ankle right away. Then two students helped him to the school doctor. The doctor said he should rest for a week and shouldn't do any sports. Li Hua thanked everyone for their help. From this accident, I have learned something important: when someone is hurt, we should keep calm and help him in the right way.
诵读小贴士：注意 hurt 的过去式仍是 hurt；背熟这段，写"校园意外+急救"作文时可直接化用。