情景导入
外教 Mr. Green 尝了杭州的片儿川面后赞不绝口,请小舟用英文写一份"制作说明"。
小舟犯了难:"先把水烧开,然后放面条"里的"先……然后……"用英语怎么串?"两勺盐"怎么表达?
流程类作文有一套现成"公式":祈使句当骨架 + first / next / then / finally 当路标 + 量词短语(a cup of / two spoons of)当细节。这一讲我们照着公式,把任何美食的做法讲得一清二楚。
核心词汇
制作流程话题词汇:
| 类别 | 常用词汇 |
|---|---|
| 动作 | cut up(切碎)、pour...into...(把……倒入)、add...to...(把……加入)、mix up(混合)、boil(煮沸)、put...in...(把……放进) |
| 材料 | noodles(面条)、pork(猪肉)、bamboo shoots(笋)、green vegetables(青菜)、salt(盐)、oil(油) |
| 量词 | a cup of(一杯)、two spoons of(两勺)、a piece of(一片)、half a kilo of(半千克) |
| 顺序 | first(首先)、next(接着)、then(然后)、after that(之后)、finally(最后) |
句型与结构
三段式结构:
- 开头段(引出美食 + 材料):Pian'erchuan noodles are a famous food in Hangzhou. To make them, you need noodles, pork, bamboo shoots and some green vegetables.(是什么 + 需要什么)
- 主体段(步骤):用"顺序词 + 祈使句"逐步展开——First, cut up the pork and the bamboo shoots. Next, pour some oil into the pan and fry them for two minutes. Then, add water and put the noodles in. Finally, add two spoons of salt and some green vegetables.
- 结尾段(完成 + 邀请品尝):After five minutes, a bowl of delicious noodles is ready. Enjoy it while it's hot!
核心语法:祈使句(说明文的主力句型):
- 动词原形开头,不加主语:Cut up the pork. / Pour the water into the pot.
- 否定用 Don't:Don't cook the vegetables too long.
- 提醒补充用 remember to:Remember to wash the vegetables first.
提分句型:
- it's time to do:It's time to add the salt.(该放盐了。)
- 时间状语从句:When the water boils, put the noodles in.(水开后下面条。)
- need to do:You need to prepare all the ingredients first.(你需要先备齐食材。)
听说训练
写前口头操练(先说顺再下笔):
- First, cut up the pork and the bamboo shoots. (首先,把猪肉和笋切碎。)
- Then, add water and put the noodles in. (然后,加水,下面条。)
- Finally, add two spoons of salt. (最后,加两勺盐。)
辨析对比
| how many | how much | |
|---|---|---|
| 修饰 | 可数名词复数 | 不可数名词 |
| 例句 | How many tomatoes do we need? | How much salt do we need? |
| 回答 | Three tomatoes. | Two spoons of salt. |
注意:不可数名词"借量词变可数"是食谱写作的关键技巧——salt 不可数,但 two spoons of salt 就能数了;同理 a cup of tea、a piece of meat、a bowl of noodles。写食谱时数量写具体,说明文才专业。
文化角
英语食谱(recipe)有固定格式:先列 ingredients(配料清单),再写 instructions / steps(步骤),步骤全部用祈使句,和我们这一讲的写法完全一致。西餐食谱计量非常精确:a teaspoon(茶匙)、a tablespoon(汤匙)、a cup(量杯)都是标准单位。而中餐讲究"盐少许、火候适中",这正是中西饮食文化的有趣差异——写英文食谱时,记得入乡随俗,把量写具体。
易错点
- 祈使句加主语:You first cut up... 混着 Cut up... 忽有忽无——通篇统一用动词原形开头最稳妥。
- 顺序词缺席:一口气写五个动作不加 first / then——阅卷老师找不到步骤感,条理分直接受损。
- 量词搭配错:two spoon of salt ❌ → two spoons of salt ✅,量词要随数字变复数。
中考真题
假如你是李华,你的外教 Mr. Green 想学做一道中国美食。请写一篇短文介绍它的做法,内容包括:
- 这道美食是什么,需要哪些材料;
- 制作步骤(至少四步);
- 一句品尝建议。
要求:80 词左右,可适当发挥。
✏️ 点击查看范文与点评
Pian'erchuan noodles are a famous food in Hangzhou. To make them, you need noodles, pork, bamboo shoots and some green vegetables.
First, cut up the pork and the bamboo shoots. Next, pour some oil into the pan and fry them for two minutes. Then, add some water. When the water boils, put the noodles in. Finally, add two spoons of salt and the green vegetables.
After five minutes, a bowl of delicious noodles is ready. Enjoy it while it's hot!
点评:① 三段清晰:材料—步骤—品尝;② First / Next / Then / Finally 四个路标一步不乱;③ 亮点句型:when 时间从句、two spoons of 量词短语、祈使句收尾;④ 约 90 词,步骤完整,外国朋友照着就能做。
考点
- 流程说明类作文对应八年级上 How do you make a banana milk shake 单元,核心考查祈使句 + 顺序词的流程组织能力与量词搭配;
- 评分要点:材料交代齐全、步骤有序(至少四步)、动作动词准确(cut up / pour / add / mix);
- 备考策略:熟背一份"家乡美食食谱"模板,做奶昔、沙拉、面条的题目都能换材料套用;量词表(a cup of / two spoons of)考前过一遍。
诵读 Read Aloud
Pian'erchuan noodles are a famous food in Hangzhou. To make them, you need noodles, pork, bamboo shoots and some green vegetables.
First, cut up the pork and the bamboo shoots. Next, pour some oil into the pan and fry them for two minutes. Then, add some water. When the water boils, put the noodles in. Finally, add two spoons of salt and the green vegetables.
After five minutes, a bowl of delicious noodles is ready. Enjoy it while it's hot!
诵读小贴士:背诵时把四个顺序词 First / Next / Then / Finally 当作"节拍器",每个路标后面紧跟一个祈使句动作。动词短语 cut up、pour into、put in、add to 要连读成块——它们就是流程作文的"乐高积木",换一道菜也照样拼。