情景导入
新学期开始，班主任请英语课代表小舟起草一份英文版的 Class Rules，贴在教室后墙上。
小舟提笔就懵了："不许迟到"是 Don't late 吗？"必须穿校服"该用 must 还是 have to？
写班规其实是一场"句型练兵"：祈使句管命令，情态动词管必须和禁止。这一讲我们把这两件武器磨亮，再学会给规则分类排队，让班规既清楚又有条理。
核心词汇
班规高频词汇：
| 类别 | 常用表达 |
|---|---|
| 课堂纪律 | arrive late（迟到）、listen carefully（认真听讲）、raise your hand（举手）、be quiet（保持安静） |
| 行为规范 | wear the school uniform（穿校服）、bring the phone（带手机）、eat in class（在课上吃东西）、fight（打架） |
| 礼貌友善 | be polite to（对……有礼貌）、help each other（互相帮助）、follow the rules（遵守规则） |
句型与结构
句型一：祈使句（最直接的规则句）
- 肯定祈使句，动词原形开头：Listen carefully in class.（上课认真听讲。）
- 否定祈使句，Don't 开头：Don't arrive late for school.（上学不要迟到。）
句型二：情态动词句（区分"必须"和"禁止"）
| 情态动词 | 含义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| must | 必须（主观要求） | We must wear the school uniform. |
| can't | 不可以（禁止） | We can't bring phones to school. |
| have to | 不得不（客观规定） | We have to clean the classroom every day. |
结构安排：分类三段法
- 开头段：点明目的——Here are the rules for our class. They can help us study better.
- 主体段：按"课堂纪律 → 行为规范 → 卫生礼貌"分三小类，每类写 2 条规则，用 First / Second / Also 串联。
- 结尾段：呼吁大家遵守——Let's follow the rules and make our class better!
听说训练
写前口头操练（先说顺再下笔）：
- Don't arrive late for school. （上学不要迟到。）
- We must wear the school uniform every day. （我们每天必须穿校服。）
- Let's follow the rules and make our class better! （让我们遵守规则，让班级更好！）
辨析对比
| must | have to | |
|---|---|---|
| 含义侧重 | 主观认为"必须" | 客观规定"不得不" |
| 例句 | I must finish my homework first.（我自己觉得必须先写作业） | We have to wear uniforms.（学校规定，客观要求） |
| 否定意义 | mustn't = 禁止（Don't 的意思） | don't have to = 不必（可以不做） |
特别注意：mustn't 和 don't have to 意思完全不同——You mustn't run in the hallway.（禁止在走廊跑）；You don't have to come early.（你不必来早，来不来早都行）。
文化角
英美学校也有 School Rules，但表达上更喜欢用"正面清单"：比起满墙的 Don't...，他们更常写 Be kind.（要友善）、Respect others.（尊重他人）这样的正向规则。写英语班规时，如果把一半的 Don't 句改成正面表达，比如 Don't be noisy 改成 Keep quiet in class，语气更友好，也更接近地道的英文校园文化。
易错点
- 祈使句加主语：You don't run in the hallway ❌ → Don't run in the hallway ✅，祈使句直接以动词开头。
- late 当动词用：Don't late ❌ → Don't be late ✅，late 是形容词，前面要加 be。
- must 后加 to：We must to wear uniforms ❌ → We must wear uniforms ✅，情态动词后接动词原形。
中考真题
假如你是李华，你班将评选"文明班级"，请你用英语为班级起草一份班级公约，内容包括：
- 课堂纪律方面的要求（至少 2 条）；
- 行为规范方面的要求（至少 2 条）；
- 呼吁大家共同遵守。
要求：70 词左右，条理清晰，可适当发挥。
✏️ 点击查看范文与点评
Here are the rules for our class. They can help us study better and get on well with each other.
First, don't arrive late for school. In class, we must listen carefully and raise our hands before we speak. Second, we have to wear the school uniform every day, and we can't bring phones to school. Also, please keep our classroom clean and be polite to teachers and classmates.
Rules are not our enemies but our friends. Let's follow them and make our class better!
点评：① 分类清晰：课堂纪律—行为规范—呼吁；② 祈使句与 must / can't / have to 交替使用，句式丰富；③ 结尾"Rules are not our enemies but our friends"是亮点句；④ 约 85 词，要点齐全。
考点
- 规则类作文是七年级下 Unit "Don't eat in class" 的配套写作题型，期中期末必考；
- 核心考查：祈使句的肯定与否定形式、情态动词 must / can't / have to 的准确使用；
- 备考策略：按"课堂、行为、卫生"三类各背 2 条规则句，考场上根据题目要点直接组装。
诵读 Read Aloud
Here are the rules for our class. They can help us study better and get on well with each other.
First, don't arrive late for school. In class, we must listen carefully and raise our hands before we speak. Second, we have to wear the school uniform every day, and we can't bring phones to school. Also, please keep our classroom clean and be polite to teachers and classmates.
Rules are not our enemies but our friends. Let's follow them and make our class better!
诵读小贴士：诵读时把 don't、must、can't、have to 这些"规则信号词"读重一点，感受"禁止"和"必须"的语气差别；结尾两句是万能收尾，几乎所有规则类作文都能套用，务必背熟。