情景导入
周一早上，同学们最爱聊的话题就是周末：I visited my grandparents.（我看望了爷爷奶奶。）We went to the West Lake.（我们去了西湖。）这些动作都发生在过去，而且已经结束——这就是一般过去时的用武之地。注意两个变化：visit → visited（规则变化，加 -ed），go → went（不规则变化，要单独记）。掌握动词的过去式，是学好这个时态的关键。
核心词汇
一般过去时的信号词（看到它们就用过去时）：
| 信号词 | 意思 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| yesterday | 昨天 | I played tennis yesterday. |
| last night / week / year | 昨晚 / 上周 / 去年 | We had a test last week. |
| ago / just now | ……以前 / 刚才 | He left two hours ago. |
句型与语法
基本用法：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态，常与 yesterday、ago 等时间状语连用。规则动词过去式的四条变化规则：
| 规则 | 说明 | 例子 |
|---|---|---|
| ① 一般情况直接加 -ed | 多数动词 | play → played，visit → visited |
| ② 以 e 结尾只加 -d | like、live 等 | like → liked，live → lived |
| ③ 辅音字母 + y 结尾，变 y 为 i 加 -ed | study、carry | study → studied，carry → carried |
| ④ 重读闭音节，双写末尾辅音字母加 -ed | stop、plan | stop → stopped，plan → planned |
常见不规则动词表（必须逐个记牢）：
| 原形 | 过去式 | 原形 | 过去式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| go | went | come | came |
| see | saw | say | said |
| do | did | have | had |
| eat | ate | drink | drank |
| read | read（读音变化） | put | put（原形相同） |
三种句式（否定和疑问要借助 did，动词还原）：
- 肯定：She watched TV last night. 否定：She didn't watch TV last night. （didn't 后用原形！）
- 疑问：Did she watch TV last night? — Yes, she did. / No, she didn't. be 动词的过去式：am/is → was，are → were。I was tired. / They were at school.
听说训练
周末回顾问答（两人一组，用过去时聊上周末）：
- What did you do last weekend? — I visited the science museum. It was great! / Where did you go yesterday? — I went to the bookstore and bought two books.
辨析对比
① 一般过去时 vs 一般现在时
| 一般过去时 | 一般现在时 | |
|---|---|---|
| 时间 | 过去发生，已结束 | 现在的习惯、事实 |
| 时间状语 | yesterday, last week, ago | every day, usually, often |
② did 出现后动词要"还原"
- I didn't went home. ❌ → I didn't go home. ✅；Did you saw him? ❌ → Did you see him? ✅ 口诀：一句话里，过去"标记"只出现一次——有了 did，动词就变回原形。
文化角
英语国家的孩子从小听睡前故事，而故事几乎都用一般过去时讲述：Once upon a time, there was a little girl. She lived near a forest...（从前，有个小女孩，她住在森林旁……）想读懂英文绘本和小说，一般过去时是绕不开的第一关。记住：会讲过去的事，才会讲故事。
易错点
- didn't 后没还原：She didn't watched TV. ❌ → She didn't watch TV. ✅
- 拼写规则用错：study → studyed ❌ → studied ✅；stop → stoped ❌ → stopped ✅
- 不规则动词硬加 -ed：go → goed ❌ → went ✅；was/were 用混：You was late. ❌ → You were late. ✅
中考真题
— Did you go to Lucy's birthday party last Sunday?
— No, I ______. I ______ to look after my grandma at home.
A. didn't; have B. didn't; had C. don't; had D. wasn't; have
✏️ 点击查看解答
答案：B
解析：问句用 Did 开头的一般过去时，否定回答应为 No, I didn't.，先排除 C、D。第二空所在句是肯定句，叙述过去的事实"我（当时）不得不在家照顾奶奶"，动词要用过去式 had（have to 的过去式是 had to），排除 A。完整答语：No, I didn't. I had to look after my grandma at home. 注意区分：didn't 后动词还原（省略回答），而肯定句中的动词要用过去式。
考点
- 一般过去时是七年级下的重点时态，也是学习现在完成时、过去进行时的基础，单选、语法填空、作文全覆盖；中考命题点：① 时间状语 yesterday / ago / last... 判断时态 ② didn't / Did 之后动词还原 ③ 不规则动词过去式的正确形式。
诵读 Read Aloud
Part 1 · 对话：What did you do?（分角色朗读）
A: How was your weekend, Tony?
B: It was great! I went to the beach with my family. We swam in the sea, played volleyball and took many photos. We all had a wonderful time!
Part 2 · 短文：My Last Weekend（体会过去时的叙事）
Last weekend was busy but happy. On Saturday morning, I cleaned my room and washed my clothes. In the afternoon, I visited my grandparents with my father. Grandma cooked a big dinner, and we all enjoyed it. On Sunday, my friends and I went to the park. We rode bikes, flew kites and talked about our school life. I got home at five o'clock and finished my homework. What a wonderful weekend I had!
诵读小贴士：朗读时注意 -ed 的三种读音（cleaned /d/、washed /t/、visited /ɪd/），并把 went、rode、flew、got、had 这些不规则过去式圈出来反复读——背熟 Part 2，就是一篇现成的中考记叙文范文。