情景导入
上周五，你们班去良渚古城遗址公园研学。周一早读课，英语老师让大家用英语分享：
- We visited the Liangzhu Museum last Friday. （上周五我们参观了良渚博物馆。）
- I took many photos and everyone had a great time! （我拍了很多照片，每个人都玩得很开心！）
发现了吗？讲已经发生的事，动词都"变身"了：visit → visited，take → took，have → had。这就是本单元的主角——一般过去时。
核心词汇
规则动词过去式（加 -ed）：
| 原形 | 过去式 | 意思 |
|---|---|---|
| visit | visited | 参观 |
| study | studied | 学习（变 y 为 i 加 ed） |
| stop | stopped | 停止（双写加 ed） |
高频不规则动词过去式（必须硬背）：
| 原形 | 过去式 | 原形 | 过去式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| go | went | have | had |
| take | took | buy | bought |
| is/am → was | are → were | do | did |
句型与语法
一、基本用法：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态，常与 yesterday、last...、...ago 连用：I visited the museum yesterday. / She was tired after the trip.
二、规则动词加 -ed 的三条规则：
| 规则 | 例子 |
|---|---|
| 一般直接加 -ed | play → played, visit → visited |
| 辅音字母 + y 结尾，变 y 为 i 加 -ed | study → studied, carry → carried |
| 重读闭音节双写末字母加 -ed | stop → stopped, plan → planned |
三、否定与疑问（借助 did，动词还原）：
- 否定：I didn't go（不是 didn't went）to school yesterday.
- 疑问：Did you have a good time? — Yes, I did. / No, I didn't.
四、be 动词的过去式：was（对应 am/is），were（对应 are）：I was at home. / They were excited.
听说训练
周末回忆采访（用过去时互相提问）：
- What did you do last weekend? — I went to the West Lake with my family.
- How was the weather that day? — It was sunny and warm.
辨析对比
① did + 动词原形 vs 动词过去式
肯定句动词变过去式，否定句和疑问句由 did"代劳"变化，动词必须还原：
- He went to Shanghai. → He didn't go to Shanghai. → Did he go to Shanghai?
② 一般过去时 vs 一般现在时：信号词定时态——yesterday, last week, ago 用过去时；every day, usually 用现在时。例：I walked to school yesterday. / I walk to school every day.
文化角
英语国家的学生也爱写日记（diary）和游记（travel journal），记录 a day to remember。英文日记开头常写日期和天气：Friday, June 12, Sunny。历史上著名的《安妮日记》（The Diary of Anne Frank）就是用过去时讲述每一天的故事。学好过去时，你也能写出打动人的英文日记。
易错点
- did 后动词没还原：Did you saw the film? ❌ → Did you see the film? ✅
- 否定句动词还用过去式：I didn't went there. ❌ → I didn't go there. ✅
- 不规则动词乱加 ed：goed ❌ → went ✅；eated ❌ → ate ✅
- was/were 用混：You was late. ❌ → You were late. ✅
中考真题
— Sounds great! Where did you go last Sunday?
— We ______ to Xixi Wetland and took a lot of beautiful photos there.
A. go B. went C. will go D. are going
✏️ 点击查看解答
答案：B
解析：问句中的 last Sunday（上周日）和 did 都表明谈论的是过去的事，答句要用一般过去时：go 的过去式 went。
A 项 go 是现在时；C 项 will go 表将来；D 项 are going 是现在进行时，均与过去时间不符。后半句 took（take 的过去式）也印证了全句用过去时——前后时态要一致。
考点
- 一般过去时是七下压轴语法，与现在进行时并列为中考两大基础时态考点；
- 三大命题点：① 不规则动词过去式（went, saw, took, bought）② did 之后动词还原 ③ was/were 与主语的搭配；-ed 的三种读音是听力和语音题的考查点；
- 写作"难忘的一天"是经典题目，全篇动词过去式的正确率直接决定档次。
诵读 Read Aloud
Last Friday was a day to remember. Our class went to the Liangzhu Ancient City Park in Hangzhou for a school trip. In the morning, we visited the museum and saw many jade treasures from five thousand years ago. At noon, we had a picnic on the grass, and I shared my sandwiches with my friends. In the afternoon, we climbed a small hill and took lots of photos. On the way back, everyone was tired but happy. What a wonderful day it was!
诵读小贴士：朗读时注意 visited /ɪd/、climbed /d/、took（不规则）的发音差别。