情景导入
认识一位新朋友，你最想问什么？What's your name?（你叫什么名字？）Where are you from?（你来自哪里？）When is your birthday?（你的生日是什么时候？）How do you go to school?（你怎么上学？）这四个问题用到了四个疑问词：what 问"什么"，where 问"地点"，when 问"时间"，how 问"方式"。用疑问词开头的问句叫特殊疑问句——它不能用 Yes/No 回答，必须给出具体信息。掌握它们，你才能真正开口"聊天"。
核心词汇
四大疑问词一览表：
| 疑问词 | 意思 | 问什么 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| what | 什么 | 事物、名字、内容 | What's this in English? |
| where | 在哪里 | 地点 | Where is my pen? |
| when | 什么时候 | 时间 | When do you get up? |
| how | 怎么样 | 方式、状况 | How do you spell it? |
常用搭配：how old（多大年龄）、how many（多少，接可数复数）、how much（多少钱）、what time（几点）、what color（什么颜色）、what about / how about（……怎么样）
句型与语法
① 特殊疑问句基本结构：疑问词 + 一般疑问句语序
- 含 be 动词：疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语？→ Where is your school?
- 含实义动词：疑问词 + do/does + 主语 + 动词原形？→ When does she get up?
② 四大疑问词分工
- what 问事物/内容：What's your favorite subject? — English. / What does your father do? — He is a doctor.（问职业）
- where 问地点，回答常带方位介词：Where is the cat? — It's under the chair.
- when 问时间，可大可小；问具体钟点多用 what time：When is Teachers' Day? — It's on September 10th.
- how 问方式/状况：How do you go to school? — By bike. / On foot. 又如 How is your grandmother? — She is very well.
③ 答句必须"对号入座"：问 where 就答地点，问 when 就答时间——中考听力和单选最爱考"问答匹配"。如 When do you play sports? — After class. ✅（不能答 In the park ❌）
听说训练
采访新同学（每个疑问词至少用一次；特殊疑问句用降调朗读，读 What's / Where's 时注意连读）：
- What's your favorite sport? — Basketball. I play it every day.
- Where do you live? — I live near the People's Park.
- How do you come to school? — By bus. It takes twenty minutes.
辨析对比
① when 与 what time
- what time 问具体钟点：What time is it? — It's 7:30.
- when 问的时间范围更广，可以是钟点、日期、季节：When do you have the school trip? — In October. 问几点起床两者都可以：When / What time do you get up?
② how many 与 how much
- how many 接可数名词复数：How many books do you have?
- how much 接不可数名词或问价格：How much milk is there? / How much are these socks? — Two dollars.
文化角
英语国家的人见面寒暄也离不开疑问词，但有些问题不能随便问。可以问：How are you? / What do you do? / Where are you from? 不宜问：How old are you?（年龄）/ How much is your coat?（财物）——西方文化里这些属于个人隐私。会提问，更要会"礼貌地提问"。
易错点
- 语序不倒装：Where you are from? ❌ → Where are you from? ✅
- 用 Yes/No 回答特殊疑问句：— What's your name? — Yes, I am. ❌ → — My name is Li Hua. ✅
- how many 接单数：How many book do you have? ❌ → How many books do you have? ✅
- 疑问词选错：— ______ is your birthday? — It's on May 2nd. 要填 When，不能填 What time（生日是日期不是钟点）。
中考真题
— ______ do you usually go to the English club?
— On Friday afternoon, after the last class.
A. What B. Where C. When D. How
✏️ 点击查看解答
答案：C
解析：解题关键看答语：On Friday afternoon（在周五下午）是时间，所以问句必须用问时间的疑问词 When。A 项 What 问事物，B 项 Where 问地点，D 项 How 问方式，都与答语不匹配。
考点
- 疑问词是七年级上学期高频考点，单选、补全对话、听力"问答匹配"处处都考；
- 三大命题点：① 根据答语反推疑问词 ② 特殊疑问句的倒装语序 ③ how many/how much、when/what time 的辨析；
- 听力提醒：听到疑问词的第一个单词就要预判答案类型——where 等地点、when 等时间，带着预判听事半功倍。
诵读 Read Aloud
Part 1 · 对话：Getting to Know You（分角色朗读）
- A: Hi! I'm writing for our school newspaper. What's your name, please?
- B: My name is Lin Tao.
- A: Where are you from, Lin Tao? — B: I'm from Wenzhou, but now I live in Hangzhou.
- A: How do you come to school every day? — B: By bike. My home is near the school.
- A: When do you usually do sports? — B: After school, from five to six. I love running.
Part 2 · 短文：Questions Make Friends（体会疑问词的作用）
Do you want to make new friends? Just ask good questions! When you meet a new classmate, you can ask, "What's your favorite subject?" or "How do you spend your weekends?" If you want to visit him, ask, "Where do you live?" and "When are you free?" Good questions show that you care about others. Remember: the more you ask, the more you learn, and the more friends you make.
诵读小贴士：读 Part 1 时注意特殊疑问句全部用降调；读完后遮住 A 的问题，只看 B 的回答，试着自己把问句"还原"出来——能还原，就说明疑问词真正学会了。