情景导入
周末，你和同学在西湖边的长椅上翻看手机相册。同学指着一张全家福问："Who's this?" 你笑着回答：This is my father, and that is my mother. These are my grandparents.
一张照片、几句英语，就把全家人介绍了一遍。介绍家人要用到指示代词（this / that / these / those）和名词所有格（my father's job）——这正是本单元的两大法宝。
核心词汇
家庭成员称谓：
| 单词 | 意思 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| father / mother | 父亲 / 母亲 | My father is a doctor. |
| parents | 父母 | My parents love me. |
| grandparents | 祖父母 | These are my grandparents. |
| brother / sister | 兄弟 / 姐妹 | I have a little brother. |
| cousin | 堂/表兄弟姐妹 | My cousin is my best friend. |
家庭生活词：family（家庭）、photo（照片）、love（爱）、live（居住）、together（一起）、grandpa（爷爷）、grandma（奶奶）、uncle（叔叔/舅舅）、aunt（姑姑/阿姨）
句型与语法
核心句型一：用指示代词介绍人
- 近处单数 this / 远处单数 that：This is my brother. / That is my aunt.
- 近处复数 these / 远处复数 those：These are my parents. / Those are his cousins. 口诀：近 this 远 that，be 动词跟着单复数走。
核心句型二：询问"这/那是谁"
- Who's this? — This is my sister, Li Na.
- Who are those boys? — They are my cousins.（回答复数用 they，不重复 those）
核心语法：名词所有格 's（"……的"）
- my mother**'s** name 我妈妈的名字；Lucy**'s** family photo 露西的全家福
- 以 s 结尾的复数只加撇号：my parents**'** room 我父母的房间
have 表示"有"：I have a big family. / She has two brothers.（三单用 has）
听说训练
看照片问答（拿一张全家福和同桌练习）：
- A: Who's this man? — B: He's my father. He works near Hangzhou East Railway Station.
- A: Is that your grandma? — B: Yes, she is. She likes walking around the West Lake every morning.
- A: Are these your cousins? — B: Yes, they are. We often play together.
辨析对比
① this/that vs these/those 的答语代词
- Is this your book? — Yes, it is.（用 it 回指，不重复 this）
- Are these your photos? — Yes, they are.（复数用 they）
② have vs has
- I / you / we / they + have：They have a new house.
- he / she / it（三单）+ has：My uncle has a son. 另记"辈分陷阱"：cousin 不分男女堂表，uncle 涵盖叔、伯、舅、姑父，aunt 涵盖姑、姨、婶。
文化角
西方家庭多为小家庭（nuclear family）：父母和孩子同住，祖父母通常独立生活；中国更常见三代同堂（extended family）。
易错点
- 指示代词单复数不配：These is my parents. ❌ → These are my parents. ✅
- 答语重复 this：— Is this your pen? — Yes, this is. ❌ → Yes, it is. ✅
- 三单 has 漏用：My sister have a cat. ❌ → My sister has a cat. ✅
- 所有格撇号丢失：This is Lucy book. ❌ → This is Lucy**'s** book. ✅
中考真题
— Look at the photo! ______ are my grandparents, and this is my cousin Amy. — What a happy family!
A. This B. That C. These D. It
✏️ 点击查看解答
答案：C
解析：空格后的 be 动词是 are，且 grandparents（祖父母）是复数名词，因此要用复数指示代词；再看语境 "Look at the photo!"，照片就在眼前，是近指，所以选 These。A、B、D 三项都是单数，与 are 矛盾。
考点
- 指示代词 this/that/these/those 与 be 动词的搭配是七上必考语法点，看"距离 + 单复数"两步定答案；
- 名词所有格 's 的用法（Lucy's / parents'）常考于语法填空与单词拼写，have/has 的三单变化贯穿整个初中；
- 介绍家庭是书面表达常见话题：家庭成员 + 职业/爱好 + 一句 I love my family. 即成短文。
诵读 Read Aloud
Part 1 · 对话：看全家福（分角色朗读）
A: Hi, Mingming! Is this your family photo? — B: Yes, it is. This is my father, and this is my mother.
A: Who's that old man behind them? — B: That's my grandpa. He's seventy, but he walks around the West Lake every day.
Part 2 · 短文：We're Family!（介绍家庭范文）
Hello! I'm Chen Yang, and this is my family. We live in Hangzhou, near a subway station. My father is a bus driver, and my mother is a nurse. My grandparents live with us. Grandpa loves Longjing tea, and Grandma cooks delicious food every evening. I have a little sister. Her name is Chen Xin. On weekends, we often walk along the West Lake together. We're family, and I love them all!
诵读小贴士：Part 2 的结构"家在哪里 → 成员 + 职业/爱好 → 周末活动 → 表达爱"是家庭作文的满分框架，替换信息即可套用。