情景导入
九月的杭州,你背着新书包走进初中校园。英语老师微笑着说:"Good morning, class!" 全班齐声回答:"Good morning, Ms. Chen!" 这就是英语交流的第一步——问候(greetings)。
再想一想:地铁站里的 "West Lake(西湖)"、亚运场馆里的 "Hangzhou 2022",都是由 26 个英文字母拼出来的。字母是英语的"积木",课堂用语是学习的"工具"——这一课,我们把这两样都拿到手。
核心词汇
问候与告别:
| 单词/短语 | 意思 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| good morning | 早上好 | Good morning, Ms. Chen! |
| good evening | 晚上好 | Good evening, Dad. |
| goodbye / bye | 再见 | Goodbye! See you tomorrow. |
| thanks / thank you | 谢谢 | Thank you very much. |
高频课堂用语:listen(听)、read(读)、write(写)、open(打开)、close(关上)、stand up(起立)、sit down(坐下)、put up your hand(举手);字母要点:26 个字母分大写和小写,5 个元音字母是 A, E, I, O, U,其余是辅音字母。
句型与语法
核心问候句型:
- How are you? — I'm fine, thanks. And you? — I'm OK.
- Nice to meet you! — Nice to meet you, too!(初次见面用)
be 动词 am / is / are 的初次登场:
- I + am:I am fine. = I'm fine.
- he / she / it + is:She is my teacher.
- you / we / they + are:You are in Class One.
课堂指令句(祈使句雏形):动词开头直接发指令。
- Open your books, please. 请打开课本。
- Don't talk. 不要讲话。(否定加 Don't)
听说训练
分角色练习(同桌一人一句):
- A: How are you? — B: I'm fine, thanks. And you? — A: I'm OK.
- A: Nice to meet you! — B: Nice to meet you, too!
字母听辨:请家人随机报字母,你写出大小写,特别注意易混音 G / J、B / P / D、M / N;元音字母 A, E, I, O, U 要能一口气报出。
辨析对比
① Good morning / afternoon / evening / night
- Good morning / afternoon / evening:上午、下午、晚上见面问候。
- Good night:睡前或夜晚道别,不是见面语 ❗
② How are you? vs Nice to meet you!
- How are you? 用于熟人问近况,回答 I'm fine, thanks.
- Nice to meet you! 用于初次见面,回答 Nice to meet you, too! 口诀:熟人问 How,新朋友说 Nice。
文化角
英美人见面爱聊天气:"Lovely day, isn't it?" 这相当于我们的"吃了吗",只是打开话题。另外,称呼老师要用 Mr. / Ms. + 姓,如 Mr. Wang、Ms. Chen。
易错点
- Good night 当见面语:晚上见面说 Good night ❌ → Good evening ✅(night 是道别)。
- 回答忘加 too:— Nice to meet you! — Nice to meet you, too! ✅
- I 小写:英语中"我"永远大写。i am ❌ → I am ✅
中考真题
— Good morning, Ms. Lin! ______? — I'm fine, thank you. And you?
A. Nice to meet you B. How are you C. What's this D. Good night
✏️ 点击查看解答
答案:B
解析:答语是 "I'm fine, thank you."(我很好,谢谢),说明上文在询问近况,对应问句 How are you? A 项的回答应是 Nice to meet you, too;C 项问"这是什么";D 项是道别语,都与答语不搭。
考点
- 情景交际题最爱考问候语配对:How are you? / Nice to meet you! 的固定回答必须脱口而出;
- 字母考点:元音字母 A, E, I, O, U 的判断常出现在语音题里;
- Good night 与 Good evening 的区别是七年级第一学期的经典陷阱。
诵读 Read Aloud
Part 1 · 对话:早晨的问候(分角色朗读)
A: Good morning! I'm Wang Fang. — B: Good morning! I'm Chen Jie. Nice to meet you!
A: Nice to meet you, too! How are you? — B: I'm fine, thanks. And you?
A: I'm OK. Goodbye! — B: Bye! See you tomorrow!
Part 2 · 课堂指令串烧(模仿老师的语气读)
Good morning, class! Sit down, please. Open your books. Listen to me and read after me: A, B, C, D, E, F, G... Very good! Now close your books and put up your hands if you can say the five vowels: A, E, I, O, U. Great job! Class is over. Goodbye, everyone!
诵读小贴士:Part 1 注意问候句的升降调;Part 2 边读边做动作,身体记忆比死记硬背快得多。